Enhanced Vaccine Efficacy Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children

Strategic Insights -

A U.S. control study conducted between 2010 and 2014 demonstrated vaccine effectiveness (VE) for 1 dose of the thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) against vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) at 86%. However, the study lacked statistical power to examine VE by number of doses and against individual serotypes. Notably, at least three doses of PCV13 were found to be effective in preventing vaccine-type IPD among children aged 3 to 5 years.

Key Takeaways:

  • The thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was found to be effective in preventing vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among children aged 3 to 5 years.
  • The vaccine effectiveness (VE) for 1 dose of PCV13 against vaccine-type IPD was 86%, but the study lacked statistical power to examine VE by number of doses and against individual serotypes.
  • At least three doses of PCV13 were found to be effective in preventing vaccine-type IPD among children aged 3 to 5 years.
  • The PCV13 vaccine was protective against serotypes 19A and 19F IPD, but protection against serotype 3 IPD did not reach statistical significance.
  • The indirect cohort method used to estimate PCV13 VE against vaccine-type IPD among children aged 3 to 5 years found that 90.2% (95% CI 75.4-96.1%) of 3 PCV13 doses were effective in preventing VT-IPD.
  • Among the most commonly circulating vaccine-type IPD serotypes, the PCV13 vaccine was effective in preventing VT-IPD, with VE of ≥3doses against serotypes 19A, 3, and 19F being 86.8%, 50.2%, and 93.8%, respectively.
  • The study concluded that PCV13 was protective against serotypes 19A and 19F IPD, but protection against serotype 3 IPD did not reach statistical significance.

Statistics:

  • The vaccine effectiveness (VE) for 1 dose of PCV13 against vaccine-type IPD was 86%.
  • The indirect cohort method used to estimate PCV13 VE against vaccine-type IPD among children aged 3 to 5 years found that 90.2% (95% CI 75.4-96.1%) of 3 PCV13 doses were effective in preventing VT-IPD.
  • Among the most commonly circulating vaccine-type IPD serotypes, the PCV13 vaccine was effective in preventing VT-IPD, with VE of ≥3 doses against serotypes 19A, 3, and 19F being 86.8%, 50.2%, and 93.8%, respectively.

Sources:

  • Effectiveness of 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine for Prevention of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Among Children In the United States Between 2010 and 2019: an Indirect Cohort Study. Vaccine, 2024;42(16):3555-3563.