The Controversy Surrounding High-Functioning Autism

Strategic Insights -

High-functioning autism is a label that simplifies the complexity of an individual's experience, giving no actual impression of what they struggle and excel at, and where they need help. Dr. Rachel Moseley, an autism researcher at Bournemouth University, highlights the issue, stating that many autistic people experience sensory overload, challenges with social cues, anxiety, and mood disorders. The National Autistic Society refers to autistic people based on their support needs, rather than using the term 'high-functioning.' This shift in perspective acknowledges that every individual has unique strengths and challenges.

Key Takeaways:

  • High-functioning autism is a term that is often considered offensive due to its simplification of individual experiences.
  • Autistic people may have average or above-average IQs, yet struggle with social interactions, anxiety, and sensory sensitivities.
  • Common characteristics of high-functioning autism include sensory overload, challenges with organisation, anxiety or mood disorders, and repetitive actions.
  • Research has shown that sensory sensitivities can be experienced as joyful for some autistic people, and can be a coping mechanism for stress and anxiety.
  • Diagnosing high-functioning autism typically involves a clinician asking questions about a person's experiences and making assessments based on their behaviour.
  • The diagnostic process can take up to two years and may involve multiple assessments.
  • Autistic people often require tailored support, including awareness of sensory sensitivities, clear communication, and practical assistance.
  • Employers and mental health professionals can provide crucial support by acknowledging the individual's strengths and needs.
  • Access to mental health services and practical financial advice can significantly improve the quality of life for autistic individuals.
  • Living with autism can be challenging, but with understanding, acceptance, and support, autistic people can thrive.

Statistics:

  • 40-50% of autistic people will receive a diagnosis of anxiety (National Autistic Society).
  • Almost 32% of autistic women are hospitalized with a mental illness by the age of 25 (National Autistic Society).
  • Sensory overload is a common experience for autistic people, with sound being one of the most commonly experienced examples (Dr. Rachel Moseley).
  • Repetitive actions, such as flapping or head banging, are thought to be coping mechanisms for stress and anxiety (Dr. Rachel Moseley).
  • The diagnostic process for high-functioning autism can take up to two years, according to the NHS.

Sources:

  • Dr. Rachel Moseley, Bournemouth University
  • National Autistic Society
  • Dr. Rebecca Flower, La Trobe University
  • Dr. Suzi Sapiets, University of Kent
  • NHS