Endocrinology
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has given its approval to Cymbalta (duloxetine HCl), a groundbreaking antidepressant that can effectively manage diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain, a symptom of nerve damage that affects up to 5 million Americans. Cymbalta, a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, is the first and
Endocrinology
Researchers in Israel have found that immunization with a nonpathogenic strain of herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) can prevent the clinical and neuroendocrine changes caused by the pathogenic strain. The study, published in the Journal of Neuroimmunology, involved inoculating rats with the pathogenic strain Syn17+, which resulted in fever, motor hyperactivity,
Endocrinology
Study data indicates that hyperleptinemia, low levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I or IGF binding protein (BP)-3, and insulin resistance may be factors involved in the development of pre-eclampsia. Researchers at Dicle University in Diyarbakir, Turkey, compared serum levels of leptin, IGF-I, IGFBP-3, homeostasis model assessment-(pancreatic beta-cell
Endocrinology
Researchers in Canada have discovered a link between type 2 diabetes and an increased risk of dementia in the elderly population. The study, published in Neurological Research, found that type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased incidence of atherosclerosis, a condition in which the arteries become hardened and narrowed
Endocrinology
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been found to induce apoptosis and suppress cell replication in rat Schwann cells, according to a study published in Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. The study investigated the effects of AGEs derived from glucose, glyceraldehyde, and glycolaldehyde on the viability, replication rate, and cytokine
Endocrinology
Researchers at the Baker Heart Research Institute in Melbourne, Australia, have found that the placenta in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has a reduced capacity to respond to oxidative stress. This reduced response is mediated by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activity. The study, published in the Journal of Clinical
Endocrinology
Testosterone administration increases concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in HIV positive women, a study has found. Researchers at the Massachusetts General Hospital investigated the effects of testosterone on the growth hormone (GH) axis in androgen-deficient HIV infected women. The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and
Endocrinology
Scientists at Cambridge University have discovered that CD154 is a negative regulator of autoaggressive CD8+ T cells in type 1 diabetes. The study, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, reveals that CD154-deficient mice rapidly develop diabetes, whereas CD154-sufficient mice
Endocrinology
Researchers from the University of Colorado have made a significant discovery regarding the risk factors associated with islet autoimmunity in early childhood. The study, published in the American Journal of Epidemiology, examines the relationship between pre- and perinatal factors and the development of islet autoimmunity in children at genetically increased
Endocrinology
Researchers from the Albert Einstein Medical Center in Philadelphia reviewed the charts of 70 patients with angioedema (AE), a condition characterized by lip and tongue swelling, and found that long-term use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors may cause AE in some patients. The study, published in the August 2004 issue
Endocrinology
A recent study conducted in Sweden found that individuals with type 2 diabetes experience accelerated cognitive decline in old age, which may ultimately lead to dementia. Researchers at Goteborg University examined a population-based sample of 274 elderly participants, 36 of whom had diabetes, over a 6-year period. The study used
Endocrinology
Scientists at Kochi Medical School have discovered that epidermal growth factor and insulin can inhibit cell death in pancreatic beta cells by activating the PI3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway under oxidative stress. This breakthrough finding has significant implications for the treatment of diabetes and other metabolic disorders. The researchers used a
