Therapeutic Efficacy of Biological Agents in Severe Asthma

Researchers at Ningxia Medical University have conducted a study on the effectiveness of biological agents in treating severe asthma. According to the study, asthma is a complex inflammatory condition that can be categorized into two main types: type 2 inflammatory asthma and non-type 2 inflammatory asthma. Type 2 inflammation is often associated with severe asthma and can be effectively treated with biological agents such as anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) monoclonal antibodies and anti-interleukin (IL)-4 monoclonal antibodies. These agents have shown significant improvement in pulmonary function, reduction in eosinophils, and alleviation of asthma exacerbations.

Key Takeaways:

• The study categorized asthma into two main types: type 2 inflammatory asthma and non-type 2 inflammatory asthma, with type 2 inflammation being more common in severe asthma cases.
• Biological agents, such as anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies and anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibodies, showed outstanding effectiveness in treating type 2 inflammatory asthma, with significant improvement in pulmonary function and reduction in eosinophils.
• The treatment approaches for different phenotypes of severe asthma vary, with patients suffering from type 2 inflammatory asthma typically responding well to biological agents.
• The study highlighted the crucial role of precision medicine in the treatment of severe asthma, emphasizing the need for tailored therapy approaches.
• The researchers identified several well-verified biological agents with therapeutic potential in treating severe asthma, including anti-TSLP monoclonal antibodies and anti-thymic stromal lymphopoietin monoclonal antibodies.
• The study concluded that biological therapy can significantly improve the quality of life for patients with asthma by alleviating exacerbations, reducing dependence on oral corticosteroids, and improving pulmonary function.

Statistics:

• The study evaluated the efficacy of biological agents in treating severe asthma, with promising results for patients suffering from type 2 inflammatory asthma.
• The clinical and pathological histology efficacy of biological therapy for severe asthma with a phenotype of type 2 inflammation was evaluated in a systematic review.
• According to the study, the use of biological agents can reduce eosinophils by up to 50% in patients with type 2 inflammatory asthma.
• The study highlighted the importance of precision medicine in tailoring therapy approaches for severe asthma, with a focus on histological indices.
• The researchers identified multiple well-verified biological agents with therapeutic potential, including anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies, anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibodies, and anti-TSLP monoclonal antibodies.

Sources:

• "The clinical and pathological histology efficacy of biological therapy for severe asthma with a phenotype of type 2 inflammation - systematic review." Frontiers in Immunology, 2025,16.
• NewsRx. Data on Asthma Reported by Researchers at Ningxia Medical University (The clinical and pathological histology efficacy of biological therapy for severe asthma with a phenotype of type 2 inflammation - systematic review). Respiratory Therapeutics Week. April 28, 2025; p 1167.