Fungus-Based Mosquito Control: A Potential Game Changer in the Fight Against Malaria and Dengue Fever

Researchers have genetically engineered a fungus that produces a sweet-smelling substance, irresistible to mosquitoes, providing an affordable and ecologically friendly way to control the disease-spreading insects.

Key Takeaways:

• The fungus, Metarhizium, can be genetically engineered to produce longifolene, a sweet-smelling substance that attracts mosquitoes, in lab experiments 90-100% of mosquitoes were killed in just 5 days.
• The fungus essentially masquerades as a delicious flower, drawing mosquitoes to their death with its scent, and the spores produced by the fungus kill the insects by overtaking their insides and consuming them for nutrients.
• The engineered Metarhizium strain was grown on a cheap material made of wheat and rice and configured in square traps that killed half the mosquitoes used in lab experiments within 5 days, with nearly all mosquitoes dying days later.
• The devices even worked when competing scents were present in the room, including those from human volunteers who slept in the experimental chamber under a bug net.
• The team has developed a patented trap design that features openings through which only mosquitoes can fit, assuaging concerns about harming endangered or beneficial insects.
• The fungus is easy to produce in various settings, with colleagues in China already building a factory to produce Metarhizium by the ton, and rural communities around the globe can grow it on rice and chicken feces.

Statistics:

• 90-100% of mosquitoes were killed in lab experiments
• 5 days: the time it took for the traps to kill half the mosquitoes used in lab experiments
• Nearly all mosquitoes died days later
• 50%: the percentage of mosquitoes that died within 5 days
• 50%: the percentage of mosquitoes that died days later

Sources:

• Nature Microbiology, "Genetic engineering of a saprotrophic fungus to produce an insect-killing toxin" (no date)
• University of Maryland, "Researchers develop fungus-based mosquito trap that's 90% effective" (no date)
• The University of California San Diego, "Mosquito expert sees potential in fungus-based control method" (no date)
• Huiyu Sheng (no date)