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COVID-19 Pandemic Linked to Increased Risk of Preterm Birth and Gestational Diabetes

Strategic Insights

— 1 min read

According to a recent population-based cohort study published in the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, the COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with an increased risk of preterm birth and certain pregnancy complications. The study, which analyzed data from January 2020 to December 2020, found that pregnant women who gave birth during the pandemic were more likely to experience preterm birth and composite neonatal morbidity compared to those who delivered during the pre-pandemic period. Additionally, the study noted a higher risk of gestational diabetes among pregnant women during the pandemic.

Key Takeaways:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic has been linked to an increased risk of preterm birth, with women who gave birth during the pandemic experiencing a higher incidence of preterm birth before 37 weeks gestation.
  • The study found that pregnant women who gave birth during the pandemic had a higher risk of composite neonatal morbidity, including a lower 5-minute Apgar score.
  • Gestational diabetes was found to be more common among pregnant women during the pandemic, with a higher risk observed compared to the pre-pandemic period.
  • The study analyzed data from January 2020 to December 2020 and compared it to the pre-pandemic period of January 2017 to December 2019.
  • The research involved a population-based cohort study using provincial-level population data from a single-payer insurer.
  • The study's findings highlight the need for increased monitoring and support for pregnant women during the pandemic to mitigate the risks associated with preterm birth and gestational diabetes.

Statistics:

  • The incidence of preterm birth before 37 weeks gestation was higher during the pandemic (12.3%) compared to the pre-pandemic period (10.5%).
  • Composite neonatal morbidity was more common during the pandemic, with a lower 5-minute Apgar score observed in 21.1% of births compared to 17.4% in the pre-pandemic period.
  • Gestational diabetes was more prevalent during the pandemic, with a higher risk observed in 7.8% of births compared to 5.6% in the pre-pandemic period.

Sources:

  • Health Care System Burden During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Population-Based Study. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, 2025;47(11):103127.
  • Data on COVID-19 Described by Nikola Rasevic et al. Diabetes Week. October 20, 2025; p 20.

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