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Evidence of Anthrax Virulence Genes in Bacillus Aerius and Human Exposure in Largest Abattoir in Lagos, Nigeria

Strategic Insights

— 1 min read

A new study published in the One Health Outlook journal has revealed the presence of anthrax virulence genes in Bacillus aerius and human exposure in the largest abattoir in Lagos, Nigeria. The research, conducted by the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, aimed to investigate the presence and burden of anthrax toxins-producing Bacillus spp. and human exposure in the abattoir. The study found that Bacillus isolates belonging to 8 different species were recovered from soil samples, with 3 strains of B. aerius harboring the anthrax virulence genes. Human exposure to anthrax was also detected, with 20.2% of plasma samples testing positive for anthrax IgG.

Key Takeaways:

  • The study found that Bacillus aerius isolated from soil samples harbored the anthrax virulence genes (pag, cap), indicating a potential risk to public health.
  • Human exposure to anthrax was detected in 20.2% of plasma samples, with a significant difference in age bracket (30-60 years) and sex (male: female, 8:1).
  • The study identified 8 different species of Bacillus spp. from soil samples, with 3 strains of B. aerius harboring anthrax virulence genes.
  • The research was conducted in the largest abattoir in Lagos, Nigeria, which is a hub for cattle trading and potentially a high-risk area for anthrax exposure.
  • The study used a combination of phenotypic and 16 S rRNA sequencing to identify Bacillus spp. and detected the virulence genes using PCR.
  • The findings of this study highlight the importance of monitoring and controlling anthrax in animal populations to prevent human exposure.

Statistics:

  • 45 soil and 89 human blood samples were collected and analyzed in the study.
  • 26 Bacillus isolates belonging to 8 different species were recovered from soil samples.
  • 3 strains of B. aerius harbored the anthrax virulence genes (pag, cap).
  • 20.2% of plasma samples tested positive for anthrax IgG.
  • Male participants were 8 times more likely to test positive for anthrax IgG than female participants.

Sources:

  • Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, "Evidence of anthrax virulence genes in Bacillus aerius and human exposure in largest abattoir in Lagos, Nigeria" One Health Outlook, 2025, 7(1):1-8.
  • https://doi-org.sdpl.idm.oclc.org/10.1186/s42522-025-00162-8

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