Innovations in Smart Agriculture: A Review of Sensor-Based Systems and Sustainable Energy Solutions

Research by investigators from Varendra University in Rajshahi, Bangladesh, has shed light on the transformative power of smart agriculture in traditional farming practices. By integrating advanced sensor-based systems, intelligent control technologies, and sustainable energy solutions, farmers can meet the growing global demand for food while minimizing environmental impact. The study highlights the deployment of IoT-based sensors, wireless communication protocols, energy-harvesting methods, and automated irrigation and fertilization systems, as well as the role of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and computer vision in monitoring and managing key agricultural parameters.

Key Takeaways:

• The research presents a comprehensive analysis of recent innovations in smart agriculture, focusing on the deployment of IoT-based sensors, wireless communication protocols, energy-harvesting methods, and automated irrigation and fertilization systems.
• The study explores the role of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and computer vision in monitoring and managing key agricultural parameters such as crop health, pest and disease detection, soil conditions, and water usage.
• The paper highlights the importance of decision-support systems, precision agriculture techniques, and the application of remote and proximal sensing technologies like hyperspectral imaging, thermal imaging, and NDVI-based indices.
• The study concludes that smart agriculture can enhance productivity, resource efficiency, and sustainability in modern farming systems.
• Md. Mahadi Hasan Sajib and Abu Sadat Md. Sayem, researchers from Varendra University, conducted the study, which serves as a valuable reference for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers working towards sustainable agricultural innovation.
• The study emphasizes the need for integrating sustainable energy solutions, such as solar and wind power, into farming practices to reduce environmental impact.

Statistics:

• The study highlights the growing global demand for food, which is projected to increase by 70% by 2050 (Source: Encyclopedia, 2025, 5, 2:67).
• The use of IoT-based sensors and energy-harvesting methods in smart agriculture can reduce water usage by up to 30% (Source: Innovations in Sensor-Based Systems and Sustainable Energy Solutions for Smart Agriculture: A Review).
• The study reports that the deployment of automated irrigation and fertilization systems can increase crop yields by up to 25% (Source: Innovations in Sensor-Based Systems and Sustainable Energy Solutions for Smart Agriculture: A Review).

Sources:

• Innovations in Sensor-Based Systems and Sustainable Energy Solutions for Smart Agriculture: A Review. Encyclopedia, 2025, 5, 2:67.
• NewsRx. Researchers at Varendra University Have Published New Data on Sustainable Energy (Innovations in Sensor-Based Systems and Sustainable Energy Solutions for Smart Agriculture: A Review). Ecology, Environment & Conservation. July 11, 2025; p 945.