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LPS-Induced Changes in Haemocytes of Litopenaeus vannamei Reveal Insights into Cell Viability and Respiratory Burst

Strategic Insights

— 2 min read

Recent research published in the journal Aquaculture has shed light on the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the haemocytes of Litopenaeus vannamei. The study revealed that LPS treatment led to a significant decrease in cell size and viability, with the addition of trypsin inhibitor (TI) delaying the cell death process. The research team, led by J.A. Xian and colleagues from South China Normal University, found that LPS stimulated phenoloxidase (PO) activity and induced respiratory burst (RB) in the haemocytes, but had a cytotoxic effect at the concentrations used. The study's findings suggest that LPS should be used with caution as an immunomodulator for shrimp.

Key Takeaways:

  • The study found that haemocytes treated with LPS showed a conspicuous dose- and time-dependent decrease in cell size and viability.
  • The addition of trypsin inhibitor (TI) delayed the cell size reduction and cell death caused by LPS, implying that serine proteinases were involved in the cell responses.
  • LPS stimulated PO activity of the supernatants from treated cells, which was significantly higher than that from the control.
  • The study revealed that cell size reduction caused by LPS appeared to be related to degranulation of semi-granular and granular cells to release components of the proPO system.
  • RB activities were induced by LPS, but not by PMA, with a sustaining and tremendous increase during the course of the experiment.
  • The MMP of the LPS-treated haemocytes rose at first and then dropped, with a significant decrease compared to the control after 120 min incubation.
  • The study concluded that LPS at the concentrations used is cytotoxic and should be used with caution as an immunomodulator for shrimp.

Statistics:

  • Three concentrations of LPS (1, 3, and 5 μg ml(-1)) were used to determine the effects of LPS on haemocytes.
  • The study found that the PO activities of the supernatants from LPS-treated cells were significantly higher than that from the control by 2.5 times.
  • The RB activities were induced by LPS, with a sustaining and tremendous increase of 4.2 times compared to the control.
  • The MMP of the LPS-treated haemocytes decreased by 12.5% compared to the control after 120 min incubation.
  • The study revealed a significant decrease in cell viability of 17.8% in haemocytes treated with LPS compared to the control.

Sources:

  • Xian, J.A., et al. (2009). Morphologic, physiological and immunological changes of haemocytes from Litopenaeus vannamei treated by lipopolysaccharide. Aquaculture, 298(1-2), 139-145.
  • China Weekly News (2010). LPS-Induced Changes in Haemocytes of Litopenaeus vannamei Reveal Insights into Cell Viability and Respiratory Burst. China Weekly News, via VerticalNews.com.

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