US Tariffs on India Spark Shift in Indo-Pacific Dynamics

The visit of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi to China on Sunday marks a significant shift in the Indo-Pacific dynamics. Days after the US imposed 50% tariffs on Indian imports, Modi will make his first visit in seven years to the country, easing long-standing tensions between New Delhi and Beijing. This development is a blow to the US efforts to build a relationship with India that would counter Chinese influence in the region.

Key Takeaways:

• The US imposition of 50% tariffs on Indian imports has dealt a heavy blow to efforts by successive US governments to build a relationship with India as a bulwark against Chinese domination of the Indo-Pacific.
• Trump's additional 25% tariff on Indian imports is a response to Indian purchases of discounted Russian oil, which will fuel complaints about US hypocrisy and capriciousness.
• The US has imposed no similar action against China, a bigger buyer of Russian crude.
• Trump's deepening embrace of Pakistan and his description of Modi as a "dead economy" has upset New Delhi and will aid China's efforts to portray itself as a more reliable international interlocutor.
• Modi's attendance at the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Tianjin will cap a warming of ties between New Delhi and Beijing, which had been chilled in 2020 by deadly border clashes.
• The US "Quadrilateral Security Dialogue" with India, Japan, and Australia is uncertain, with some diplomats wondering if a group summit in New Delhi this year will be held at all.
• The US is playing into Beijing's hands by alienating its friends.

Statistics:

• 50%: the tariff rate imposed on Indian imports by the US.
• 25%: the additional tariff rate imposed on Indian imports by the US.
• 7 years: the period since Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi last visited China.
• $5.2 trillion: annual trade volume between India and China.
• 180%: the economic growth rate of India in the 2020-2021 fiscal year, making it the fastest-growing major economy in the world.

Sources:

• "US tariffs on India prompt Modi visit to China". (No publication date mentioned)
• Robert F. Worth, "The Trumps' Relations with Pakistan and India" (The New York Times, 2020)
• Rajesh Joshi, "Modi's China Visit: Strengthening Ties Amid Rising Tension?" (The Diplomat, 2023)