New Study Reveals Insights into Acute Kidney Injury

A new study published in Clinical Nutrition has provided valuable insights into the dynamics of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). The study, conducted by researchers from Chung Shan Medical University in Taiwan, aimed to evaluate the fluctuations in oxidative stress and antioxidant capacities in septic patients with and without AKI at the time of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and one week later.

Key Takeaways:

• The study involved 124 critically ill septic patients who were divided into groups according to the presence of AKI at admission to the ICU.
• Plasma concentrations of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were significantly higher in patients with AKI on both evaluation days.
• Notable differences in antioxidant capacities, including plasma glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase, were observed between the two groups.
• In patients with AKI, plasma oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity demonstrated a close relationship, with plasma GSH concentrations on day 1 correlated with increased odds of major adverse kidney events within 14 and 28 days (MAKE14 and MAKE28).
• Elevated plasma GPx activities on day 7 were associated with reduced odds of MAKE14 and MAKE28.
• Monitoring plasma GSH concentrations on the 1st day of ICU admission, in conjunction with the evaluation of plasma GPx activities on the 7th day, may serve as pivotal indicators for predicting renal outcomes in critically septic patients.

Statistics:

• 124 critically ill septic patients were involved in the study.
• 53 patients had AKI at admission to the ICU.
• Plasma AOPP concentrations were significantly higher in patients with AKI on both evaluation days (43.2 ± 11.5 μM vs. 31.5 ± 9.1 μM on day 1 and 51.1 ± 13.1 μM vs. 35.6 ± 10.2 μM on day 7).
• Plasma GSH concentrations on day 1 were correlated with increased odds of MAKE14 and MAKE28.
• Elevated plasma GPx activities on day 7 were associated with reduced odds of MAKE14 and MAKE28.

Sources:

• Original Dynamics of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Capacity In Relation To Renal Outcomes In Septic Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: a Crosssectional and Follow-up Study. Clinical Nutrition, 2025;52:253-262.
• Churchill Livingstone, Journal Production Dept, Robert Stevenson House, 1-3 Baxters Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh EH1 3AF, Midlothian, Scotland.
• Elsevier - www.elsevier.com; Clinical Nutrition - www.journals.elsevier.com/clinical-nutrition/
• Yi-Chia Huang, Chung Shan Medical University, Dept. of Nutrition, Taichung 402, Taiwan.